En las XLI Jornadas de la Sociedad Española de Paleontología celebradas en Puertollano entre el 30 de Septiembre y el 3 de Octubre se presentó un estudio sobre la neuroanatomía de las tortugas pleurodiras pertenecientes al linaje Bothremydidae. Todas la pleurodiras actuales y la mayoría de especies extintas son formas que habitan medios dulceacuícolas. Sin embargo, algunos grupos incluían formas adaptadas a ambientes marinos, como ocurría con algunos miembros de botremídidos. En el presente trabajo se comparan las estructuras neuroanatómicas dentro del clado Bothremydidae y se analizan las diferencias observadas entre los taxones adaptados a los diferentes ambientes. Las principales diferencias se observan principalmente en los laberintos óseos y las cavidades nasales. Mientras que las formas de agua dulce tienen cavidades nasales relativamente pequeñas y los canales semicirculares de los oídos internos elongados, en los representantes marinos la cavidad nasal es voluminosa y los canales son más cortos. El resumen del póster se expone a continuación:
Most adaptations to marine environments observed in turtles are directly related to the subaquatic locomotion, such as those corresponding to the limb morphology and the shell hydrodynamics. In addition, some cranial features have also been recognized as adaptations for sea lifestyle, such as the development of high skulls related to lesser neck retraction than that of freshwater forms. All these modifications had been observed in both extant marine cryptodires and extinct representatives of this and other clade (i.e., that of Pleurodira) adapted to littoral or pelagic environments. Although all extant and most described extinct pleurodires are identified as freshwater turtles, some extinct representatives were suggested as marine forms. This assumption is generally based on the sedimentary environment in which their remains have been found. Thus, some lineages within Bothremydidae were identified as coastal or pelagic ones, including all representatives of Taphrosphyini and Nigeremydini, and some members of Bothremydini. Some neuroanatomical features had been suggested as adaptations to a marine lifestyle based on recent works using computed tomography scans. In this sense, some modifications in the nasal cavity and the endosseous labyrinth of some bothremydids had been hypothesized as responses to the adaptation to marine environment. Thus, until now little explored neuroanatomical elements of putatively sea bothremydid turtles, for which a detailed comparison is made here for the first time, allows us to identify an exclusive combination of characters within these bothremydids, differing of that for the freshwater representatives. In addition, the neuroanatomy of these putatively marine taxa is compared with those of other sea turtles (both extant and extinct cryptodires) to evaluate the potential presence of adaptational convergences with them.
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