Entre los días 4 y 6 de marzo de 2026 se ha celebrado la sexta edición de la Virtual Conference for Women Archaeologists and Paleontologists (VCWAP), un congreso internacional en formato virtual que reúne a especialistas de todo el mundo en los ámbitos de la arqueología, la paleontología y disciplinas relacionadas con el estudio del pasado humano y de la vida en la Tierra. Desde su creación en 2020, esta conferencia internacional e inclusiva ofrece una plataforma para que investigadoras, especialmente en etapas tempranas de su carrera, puedan presentar sus trabajos más recientes. No obstante, uno de los principios fundamentales del encuentro es su carácter abierto, inclusivo y colaborativo. Tal y como destacan sus organizadores, el congreso está dirigido a toda la comunidad científica interesada, independientemente de su situación profesional o de su identidad o expresión de género.
En esta edición, el grupo de Biología Evolutiva de la UNED ha estado representado por dos de sus integrantes, Andrea Guerrero y María Gutiérrez, quienes han presentado sus investigaciones en formato de comunicación oral, compartiendo sus resultados con la comunidad científica internacional.
Por un lado, Andrea Guerrero presentó el trabajo titulado “Developmental and pathological shell anomalies in the Cenomanian pleurodire Algorachelus peregrina (Spain)”. En este estudio se analiza la tortuga fósil Algorachelus peregrina, una de las más antiguas del grupo Pleurodira en Europa, a partir de numerosos restos hallados en el yacimiento de Algora (Guadalajara). El trabajo examina variaciones y anomalías en los caparazones de más de 200 individuos, lo que permite comprender mejor cómo crecían estas tortugas del Cretácico y qué tipo de interacciones podían tener con su entorno.
The Cenomanian turtle Algorachelus peregrina (Bothremydidae) is recognized as the earliest unequivocal member of the crown-group Pleurodira in Europe. Its remains are known from several sites in the southwestern region of the continent, but the type locality of Algora (Guadalajara, central Spain) stands out for yielding one of the richest accumulations of shell material attributed to a single bothremydid species. The exceptional preservation and abundance of individuals at this site offer an uncommon opportunity to examine variation within the species, including the presence of unusual features in the shell. Although deviations related to development or disease are documented in living turtles, they have rarely been investigated in fossil forms and remain particularly poorly understood in Bothremydidae. Documenting these differences can shed light on how these animals grew, how stable their shell structure was, and what their interactions with the environment might have been. For this study, complete and fragmentary carapaces and plastra (i.e., some articulated and others partially disarticulated) were selected from the large sample at Algora. These remains correspond to at least 200 individuals, acknowledging that some fragments may derive from the same individual. Detailed visual examination and comparative analysis across a wide range of growth stages allowed the identification of shell variations attributable to developmental and pathological origins. Several individuals exhibit unusual shell configurations, mainly involving supernumerary shell plates and scutes, while only one specimen displays a pathological lesion, interpreted as evidence of healing following ectoparasite attachment. Together, these observations constitute one of the most detailed accounts of shell anomalies in a bothremydid turtle and offer valuable information about developmental processes and possible ecological interactions in Cretaceous pleurodires.
Por su parte, María Gutiérrez presentó la comunicación oral “An update on the nomenclature of the appendicular skeleton of the pleurodiran turtles”, centrada en el estudio de la nomenclatura de las estructuras del esqueleto apendicular de tortugas pleurodiras. Se destaca la importancia de establecer una nomenclatura para las estructuras presentes en los diferentes elementos apendiculares y de las vistas de los diferentes elementos. Todo ello, para poder realizar comparaciones entre taxones. El resumen del trabajo es el siguiente:
Turtles are generally considered as displaying peculiar adaptations relative to their shell and skull. However, their appendicular skeleton, despite also being highly modified, has barely been studied, especially in the case of the pleurodires. Thus, it has been documented for very few extinct forms, but it has also not been analyzed in detail for most extant pleurodiran representatives. Therefore, its potential modifications linked to adaptations to different ways of life are unknown for this clade. The lack of descriptions causes the scarf of consensus for the name of several structures, but also for the establishing of a unified criterion for identifying the different views of each element. In order to clarify and established the main terms relative to the appendicular skeleton, to facilitate its description and comparison, we present here a review of different terms used for the different structures of the appendicular bones of the pleurodiran turtles, proposing a common nomenclature for them. We also present a proposal for the identification of the main views of these bones. We focus on the pleurodires, considering the important differences in some osseous elements between them and the cryptodires, especially considering the pelvic girdle. However, the nomenclature of most structures of the other appendicular elements can be used also for both clades, and also for the basal forms (stem Testudines). For this purpose, we made a compilation of the different terms used in the literature. Subsequently, we propose a nomenclatural consensus based on all the information compiled. The nomenclature for both the humerus and femur is more stable than those previously used for the other appendicular elements, being also the elements in which more structures have been named.
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