Análisis funcional del aparato alimentario de la tortuga pleurodira Lapparentemys vilavilensis en el PALEO NE 2025/7th IMERP

En el marco del congreso Paleo NE 2025, celebrado conjuntamente con el 7th IMERP, investigadores del Grupo de Biología Evolutiva y colaboradores presentaron un estudio centrado en el análisis funcional del aparato alimentario de la tortuga pleurodira extinta Lapparentemys vilavilensis (Paleoceno de Bolivia). La contribución se enmarca en una línea de investigación orientada a la aplicación de técnicas de modelado virtual y análisis biomecánico para inferir aspectos funcionales y ecológicos en vertebrados fósiles, aportando nuevos datos al conocimiento de la diversidad y especialización ecológica de las tortugas del pasado. A continuación, se presenta el resumen completo del trabajo:

Lapparentemys vilavilensis is an extinct pleurodiran turtle from the early Paleocene of Bolivia, belonging to an extinct clade of Pelomedusoides known from a very limited number of species (i.e., Peiropemydidae). Within this relatively poorly documented group, Lapparentemys is particularly notable due to the availability of several shells and well-preserved skulls, offering a good opportunity to investigate the functional morphology of a representative closely related to Podocnemididae. Despite the quality of the available cranial material, no studies have explored its paleoecology or feeding adaptations. Thus, the objective of this study is to provide a first assessment of the feeding ecology of Lapparentemys vilavilensis through biomechanical analysis of the skull. A micro-computed tomography (microCT) scan was conducted on a well-preserved adult specimen, preserving the articulated skull and lower jaw. As a comparative framework, two extant pleurodiran turtles with contrasting dietary strategies (i.e., Pelusios castaneus and Erymnochelys madagascariensis) were also analyzed. The digital fossil skull model was processed to correct taphonomic deformation and to reconstruct missing anatomical elements. Based on extant anatomical references and osteological correlates, three-dimensional reconstructions of the jaw adductor musculature were generated. The virtual meshes suitable for muscular modeling were created using Pixologic ZBrush v.2021.5 and Geomagic Studio v.2014. These models were subsequently used to perform Finite Element Analysis (FEA) under standardized loading conditions to evaluate and compare cranial biomechanics during biting. FEA simulations were carried out using Ansys software. The application of these virtual modeling techniques allowed us to investigate how cranial architecture relates to feeding function. Results indicate that Lapparentemys vilavilensis exhibits structural features associated with strong bite forces, consistent with a durophagous or resistant-prey feeding strategy. This study provides the first functional evidence related to the dietary ecology of Lapparentemys vilavilensis. By applying virtual modeling and biomechanical simulations to an extinct pleurodiran turtle, it offers novel insights into the feeding adaptations of fossil representatives closely related to Podocnemididae. Given the limited number of functional studies in extinct pleurodires, these results contribute significantly to our understanding of ecological diversity and specialization within this lineage, and more broadly, to the evolutionary pathways of trophic strategies in side-necked turtles.

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Más información:

• Referencia: Guerrero, A., López-Pachón, L., Pérez-García, A. (2025). Functional analysis of the feeding apparatus of the pleurodiran turtle Lapparentemys vilavilensis (Paleocene of Bolivia). In Antonietto, L. S., Holgado, B., Conceiçao, D. M. Lima (Eds.). 7th International Meeting of Early-Stage Researchers in Paleontology, Paleo NE 2025. Livro de resumos. Santana do Cariri, CE, 20.