Durante el 5th Palaeontological Virtual Congress, celebrado online del 10 al 25 de marzo de 2025, el equipo de conservación del Grupo de Biología Evolutiva de la UNED presentó la comunicación titulada "The importance of adapting consolidation treatments to each fossil piece".
Esta comunicación abordó la importancia de elegir tratamientos de consolidación adaptados a las características específicas de cada fósil y su contexto ambiental, garantizando intervenciones eficaces y respetuosas con la integridad de las piezas.
Entre los temas destacados, se presentaron los criterios clave para la selección de consolidantes como Paraloid B72®, Acril ME y silicato de etilo, y los resultados de las pruebas realizadas en diferentes condiciones ambientales. Este trabajo subraya la relevancia de aplicar principios de intervención mínima y materiales reversibles para asegurar la sostenibilidad y conservación futura de los fósiles. Esta investigación no solo refuerza el valor científico y documental del patrimonio paleontológico, sino que establece una base metodológica esencial para futuras intervenciones en este campo. El resumen es el siguiente:
Consolidation is a key process in the conservation of fossils as it improves their internal cohesion, stabilizes damaged areas, and reinforces their structure. To ensure the effectiveness of the treatment, it is essential to select the appropriate consolidant, following rigorous criteria and adapting the intervention to the characteristics of each piece and its environmental context. The choice of consolidant should be based on factors such as the porosity of the fossil, its composition, and the active deterioration agents. Additionally, it is essential to apply principles of minimal intervention, prioritizing scientific and documentary value over aesthetic without compromising the integrity of the piece. Another crucial aspect is the discernibility of the consolidant material, both visually and in technical analyses, to avoid interference. Furthermore, the materials must be reversible and allow for future re-treatment. Based on these criteria, three consolidants that meet the established requirements and present different characteristics according to humidity and temperature have been selected: Paraloid B72® and Acril ME (acrylic resins) and ethyl silicate (inorganic). Tests were conducted on fossil fragments with various levels of porosity and alteration, in dry and humid conditions. The results showed that Paraloid B72® provides high cohesion and ease of application; ethyl silicate, while compatible with the fossil material, requires a prolonged curing time; and Acril ME is effective in humid environments. In conclusion, selecting the appropriate consolidant is fundamental to achieving an effective and durable treatment, which must be adapted to the specific characteristics of each fossil and each situation.
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